O discurso indireto (reported speech)
Ao contar o que alguém disse, o verbo costuma recuar um tempo para o passado, e os pronomes e as palavras de tempo mudam, como em português: “Estou cansada” → ela disse que estava cansada.
| direto | indireto |
|---|---|
| “I am tired.” | She said she was tired. |
| “I’m working.” | He said he was working. |
| “I saw it.” / “I’ve seen it.” | She said she had seen it. |
| “I will call.” | He said he would call. |
| “I can help.” | She said she could help. |
Perguntas e pedidos
- As perguntas usam a ordem normal: “Where do you live?” → He asked where I lived.
- Perguntas de sim ou não usam if / whether: She asked if I was ready.
- Pedidos usam to: He asked me to wait (e não *asked me that I wait*).
- say não leva a pessoa logo depois; tell precisa dela: She said that … / She told me that …
Exemplos
- She told me she was moving to Berlin.Ela me disse que ia se mudar para Berlim.
- He said he had never been there.Ele disse que nunca tinha estado lá.
- They asked if we could come earlier.Eles perguntaram se a gente podia vir mais cedo.
- The doctor told me to rest.O médico me disse para descansar.
- He said he would be late.Ele disse que ia se atrasar.
Erros comuns
- ✗ He said me that he was tired.✓ He told me that he was tired.O “ele me disse” do português não se calca com say: com a pessoa logo depois, usa-se tell, he told me.
- ✗ She told that the shop was closed.✓ She said that the shop was closed.tell precisa de uma pessoa depois; sem ela, usa-se say: she said that.
- ✗ He asked me where did I live.✓ He asked me where I lived.Na pergunta indireta não se usa did: a ordem é a de uma afirmação, where I lived.
- ✗ My boss asked me that I stay late.✓ My boss asked me to stay late.O “pediu que eu ficasse” do português vira asked me to stay, sem that e sem subjuntivo.
- ✗ She told to me the whole story.✓ She told me the whole story.tell vai direto à pessoa, sem to, mesmo que o português diga “contou para mim”.
